Format and Style

Format of files	Manuscript files can be in the following formats: DOC, DOCX,  PDF, Microsoft Word documents should not be locked or protected.
Font ,  Layout and spacing	Use a standard font size (11 or 12) and any standard font (Times new roman, arial, calibri). To add symbols to the manuscript, use the Insert → Symbol function in your word processor or paste in the appropriate Unicode character. Manuscript text should be double-spaced. Do not format text in multiple columns.
Length	Manuscripts can be any length. There are no restrictions on word count, number of figures, or amount of supporting information, but we encourage you to present your findings concisely.
Headings	We encourage you to limit manuscript sections and sub-sections to 3 heading levels. Make sure heading levels are clearly indicated in the manuscript text.
Page and line numbers	Include page numbers and line numbers in the manuscript file. Use continuous line numbers (do not restart the numbering on each page).
Footnotes	Footnotes are not permitted. If your manuscript contains footnotes, move the information into the main text or the reference list, depending on the content.
Language	Manuscripts must be submitted in English or in French.  Manuscripts submitted in French must have corresponding title and abstract in English.
Abbreviations	Define abbreviations upon first appearance in the text. Do not use non-standard abbreviations unless they appear at least three times in the text. Keep abbreviations to a minimum.
Reference style	The Papers of Medical Sciences (TPMS) uses “Vancouver” style, as indicated in the ICMJE sample references. References Any and all available works can be cited in the reference list. Acceptable sources include: Published or accepted manuscripts, Manuscripts on preprint servers, providing the manuscript has a citable DOI or arXiv URL. Do not cite the following sources in the reference list: Unavailable and unpublished work, including personal communications, manuscripts that have been submitted but not yet accepted and retracted research. You can include those data as supplementary material. If it is necessary to discuss retracted work, state the article’s retracted status in your article’s text and in the references list Use references manager (Mendeley, Zotero, End Note…) to format reference style.
Equations	We recommend using MathType for display and inline equations, as it will provide the most reliable outcome. If this is not possible, Equation Editor or Microsoft’s Insert→Equation function is acceptable. Do not use MathType, Equation Editor, or the Insert→Equation function for only a portion of an equation. Rather, ensure that the entire equation is included. Equations should not contain a mix of different equation tools. Avoid “hybrid” inline or display equations, in which part is text and part is MathType, or part is MathType and part is Equation Editor.
Figures	Do not include figures in the main manuscript file. Each figure must be prepared and submitted as an individual file. Cite figures in ascending numeric order at first appearance in the manuscript file.
Figure captions	Figure captions must be inserted immediately after the references lits. Do not include captions as part of the figure files themselves. At a minimum, include the following in your figure captions: A figure label with Arabic numerals, and “Figure” abbreviated to “Fig” (for example Fig 1, Fig 2, Fig 3, …). Match the label of your figure with the name of the file uploaded at submission (e.g. a figure citation of “Fig 1” must refer to a figure file named “Fig1.jpeg”). A concise, descriptive title. The caption may also include a legend as needed.
Tables	Cite tables in ascending numeric order upon first appearance in the manuscript file. Place each table in your manuscript file directly after the paragraph in which it is first cited (read order). Do not submit your tables in separate files. Tables require a label (e.g., “Table 1”, “Table 2”…), and brief descriptive title to be placed above the table. Place legends, footnotes, and other text below the table.
Statistical analysis	Statistical analysis is the foundation of quantitative studies. Manuscripts submitted to TPMS must meet the highest standards for reporting the statistical analyzes performed. It would be necessary to ensure the veracity of the information and the results provided. Authors may be asked to provide data for statistical verification. You can use the following guidelines to report your statistical analysis: SAMPL guidelines, for general guidance on statistical reporting EQUATOR, for specific reporting guidelines for a range of other study types
Financial Disclosure Statement	This information should describe sources of funding that have supported the work. If your manuscript is published, your statement will appear in the Funding section of the article.
Ethical issue	The nature of the ethical considerations and the identification number information of the ethical clearance obtained should be indicated.

Manuscript organization

Title page	The following elements are required in order: – Title, authors, and affiliations as first page of the manuscript. You should provide full title (maximum of 250 characters, specific, concise and comprehensive) and short title (maximum of 100 characters stating the  topic of the study) –  Author names: write the authors names in the following order in the title page: First name (or initials, if used), Middle name (or initials, if used), Last name (surname, family name). Each author in the list must have at least one affiliation. – If the manuscript is writing in French, you should provide the corresponding translation in English.Abstract. – If the manuscript is writing in French, you should provide the corresponding translation in English.
Middle sections	The following sections should be presented. These sections can be renamed according to the type of manuscript submitted. – Introduction – Materials and Methods – Results – Discussion – Conclusions
Ending sections	The following elements are required, in order: – Contribution of authors: ICMJE Role of Authors and Contributors – Acknowledgments – References – Supporting information captions (if applicable)
Other elements	Figure captions are inserted immediately after the first paragraph in which the figure is cited. Figure files are uploaded separately. Tables are inserted immediately after the first paragraph in which they are cited. Supporting information files are uploaded separately.

Types of manuscript and their specific organization

Original research/Systematic review	The text of articles reporting original research is usually divided into: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion sections or IMRAD format. Original articles must report original primary research or new experimental methods, adhere to CONSORT guidelines, and include a checklist for randomized controlled trials. Abstract: The abstract should be 300 words, with a focus on the study’s Background (context, purpose), methods, results, and conclusions. For randomized controlled trials, follow the CONSORT extension. If reporting results of a healthcare intervention, include the registration number and date in the summary. keywords The article should include three to ten keywords.   Main text: – The background section should explain the study’s aims, existing literature, and its contribution to the field. – The methods section should include the study’s aim, design, setting, participant characteristics, materials, processes, interventions, and comparisons. – The results section should include statistical analysis results, and – The discussion section should discuss the implications of the findings in relation to existing research and highlight limitations.
Case report	– The papers of Medical Sciences welcomes novel case reports that contribute to medical knowledge, have educational value, or highlight the need for change in clinical practice or diagnostic/prognostic approaches. – These reports should include unexpected side effects, unusual presentations, new associations, presentations, diagnoses, or management of new and emerging diseases, unexpected associations between diseases or symptoms, unexpected events, or findings that shed new light on disease pathogenesis. – Authors must describe the rare or unusual nature of the case report and its educational and scientific merits in the covering letter. Case reports should include relevant positive and negative findings, clinical photographs, and an up-to-date review of previous cases. – Authors should follow CARE guidelines and provide a CARE checklist. – The abstract should be 300 words and should include a background, case presentation (diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes), discussion and conclusions. – Keywords (3-5) should represent the main content of the article. – For the main text: The background section should explain the case report’s background, aims, and existing literature. The case presentation should describe the patient’s demographic details, medical history, symptoms, signs, treatment, and outcomes. The discussion and conclusions should discuss relevant literature and their relevance to the field.
Clinical image
Software article	– Software articles must describe a tool with broad utility and significant advance over previously published software. – The software must be available for reviewers and researchers without restrictions, and should be included as additional files. – The source code should be made available under an open-source license, with an archive and a link to the project’s home page. – Authors should host their project with a recognized open-source repository, such as bioinformatics.org or sourceforge.net.
Review	– The abstract should be 300 words, with a focus on the main content and avoiding abbreviations. – Three to ten Keywords represent the main content should be provided, while the background section explains the article’s background, aims, and existing literature search. – The main text should contain the article’s body and may be broken into subsections with informative headings. – The conclusion should state the main conclusions and explain their relevance or importance to the field.
Letter to editor	– A Letter to the Editor (LTE) is a brief communication between a journal’s editor and editorial team, typically written in response to a recent publication or an unrelated topic. – The papers of Medical Sciences welcomes LTEs within a dedicated section to stimulate intellectual discussion between readers and authors. – LTEs enable prospective writers to directly interact with manuscript authors and the journal’s readership and editorial team. – They count as publications and can be a bridge for early career researchers. – LTEs are mainly written for discussing controversial aspects of a recently published paper, seeking clarification, enriching existing knowledge, and sharing professional viewpoints.